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Competitive Intelligence : Domains, Hosts and WHOIS

Sometimes it is hard to figure out who your online competitors are, or worse, what they are doing to beat you. Sometimes it feels like you are beating your head against a wall because no matter how hard you try you just can not figure out how they are doing it.

Today I will look at some of the tools you can use to gather competitive intelligence about your competitors and the online market space in general.

Some wanted to know how I could find such information out. Was there some secret tool that I used? Perhaps I hacked into the Google mainframe to get the information?

The truth is, I found it through a freely available tool.

In this article I explain how you to can do some domain exploring to perhaps find out what your competition is doing.

Let’s start by looking at a tool to help you figure out some things about different sites.

Domain Exploring

Using a WHOIS information service can give you tons of information. In fact, using one is how I was able to dig up all those Google registered domain names. Using a domain explorer, such as the chúng tôi Domain Explorer I was able to quickly find hundreds of domains with “Google” in them. Then it was a matter of looking for the common registrar mentioned in the article.

Using this tool one can look at and around their competitors sites to see if there are possibly other domains out there waiting to be set up. This tool will tell you registered domains, as well as those that are actively hosting a site or just parked.

FYI this can also be a great way to find domain names which are complementary to your product or service and perhaps register them ahead of the competition.

WHOIS

Another thing you can use WHOIS services for is to find out the other domains hosted on a server. This can be particularly useful if you find other competitors domains registered with the above technique.

Using another WHOIS service I can also look at the competitors site, get their IP address and then look at the other domains hosted on that IP. Generally you will find that those that have a host stay with that host for many of their domains.

By looking at the other domains hosted on the IP address, you may be able to get an idea of their current or future business plans by looking at the other domains they have registered and have hosted.

Also, you may sometimes find a domain that is soon to expire, or which has expired that you can snatch up quickly.

For example, if a competitor has registered multiple keyword domain names but has had them parked, and lets one or two expire, you could purchase them for your own use.

Alexa

Alexa is another tool one could use for competitive research.

It is one now owned by Amazon which can give you various details about a site and it’s performance on the web in general.

While the results can get skewed, they are somewhat reliable. At least they can give you an indicator of how your site is doing in relation to theirs, as well as how they have been performing on the web.

Further, you can see some of the other sites visited around theirs and get some users reviews. Again, because this is a relatively small system which can be manipulated, I wouldn’t suggest relying strictly on these numbers or what you read.

As a side note, using this system can also help you build links. This is because you can get a feel for what sites people are visiting around yours (and your competitors) and then approaching these sites for links.

These are just two of the many freely available competitive intelligence tools out there. Over the coming weeks, I’ll introduce you to others, but for now, play with the different WHOIS services and Alexa so you can get an idea what they can do for you.

Rob Sullivan is an SEO Specialist and Internet Marketing Consultant at Text Link Brokers

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Outlook 365: Block Email Addresses And Domains

Blocking specific email addresses and domains are essential to controlling the amount of junk mail you get in Microsoft Outlook 365. If you don’t know the process, learn here how to block emails in Outlook in simple steps.

Microsoft Outlook email app and web version come with the necessary user interface elements and automated rules so you can block unwanted emails effortlessly. However, the methods vary slightly as Microsoft upgrades its software or web app appearance. Thus If you upgraded to the modern versions of the Outlook desktop app like Outlook 2023, Outlook 2023, Microsoft Outlook for Microsoft 365, and Microsoft Outlook for Mac, you may want to know how to block domains, email addresses, marketing emails, phishing emails, etc., the right way. You can add email addresses and domains to the block list by using the following methods.

How to Block a Domain in Outlook Desktop and Web

It’s better to block the whole junk domain rather than block individual emails. Because the sender of the promotional or phishing emails can create unlimited emails on the same domain and keep disturbing you. When you block the malicious domain permanently on the Outlook app, they can’t bother you again from the same domain.

Here’s how you can block domains on the Outlook desktop app. The method works for most of the Outlook editions until Outlook 2010.

Select the Home tab from the Outlook ribbon.

Now you see the Junk Email Options dialog box for your synced Outlook or other email accounts.

The default tab selection should be the Options tab. Navigate to the Blocked Senders tab.

Here, you can enter domains or emails in the following formats:

Also read: How to Recall Email Message in Outlook 365

Let’s say you’re using the online version of Microsoft Outlook like Outlook on the Web (individual or free subscription) or Outlook Web App (business subscription). For these cloud apps, here are the steps to block domains in Outlook:

Sign in to Outlook Office or Outlook Live email.

Select the View all Outlook settings link at the bottom of the sidebar that opens.

Now, you should see the Junk email dialog box on the right side showing options like Blocked senders and domains, Safe senders and domains, and Filters.

Enter domains, emails, website addresses, etc.

How to Block Emails in Outlook Desktop and Web

Suppose you just need to block one sender on the Outlook 365 desktop app, here are the steps you should follow. Doing this regularly will create a database of a blocked email list but the process is manual. The steps are similar to earlier Outlook desktop apps like Outlook 2023, 2023, 2023, etc.

A context menu will open up with many options.

Hover the cursor over the Junk option to open another context menu.

There, select Block Sender to blacklist the selected email.

If you’re getting abusive or offensive emails from someone in your Outlook contacts, then the above action won’t stop those emails. In this situation, first, you need to block the sender by following the above steps. Once done, perform these steps so that Outlook doesn’t trust the email address in the future:

Go to the Junk Email Options dialog box (find the steps above).

Navigate to the Safe Senders tab.

Uncheck the checkboxes for the following option:

Also trust emails from my Contacts

Outlook usually trusts the email addresses in your Outlook contacts and doesn’t block those. However, the above steps should override this behavior of the Outlook desktop app.

Also read: Turn Global Logging On or Off in Microsoft Outlook 365

If you’re on the Outlook web app and want to block specific emails, follow these steps:

How to Block Email Addresses and Domains on Outlook Mobile App

Users around the world downloaded the Microsoft Outlook mobile app from Google Play more than 500 million times. And on the App Store, it received ratings from more than 5.5 million users. These numbers indicate that users like to use the Outlook app more on smartphones and tablets rather than on PCs and Macs. If you’re also in this category, then you may definitely want to learn how to block emails in Outlook mobile app or block domains on Outlook.

At the time of writing this article, Microsoft doesn’t allow you to block senders or domains using the Outlook mobile app, either on Android or iOS. You can only add one or more emails to the Junk email folder. Later on, you can sit in front of your PC or Mac to add those Junk email senders to the Blocked Senders list. Here’s how it’s done:

Long press the email in question.

Tap the Move to Folder option.

Now, choose the Junk folder.

On your PC, access the Junk Email folder on Outlook desktop or web app.

Follow the steps mentioned earlier on how to block emails on Outlook.

Block Domains on Outlook Using Rules

There’s a more intuitive way of blocking unwanted emails from email addresses, domains, and websites on Outlook desktop or web app. In this method, you can utilize the Outlook Rules feature to automate the domain or email address blocking process. Here’s how you can do it on your Outlook 365 (similar to Outlook 2023, 2023, etc.) desktop app:

Open the Outlook desktop app and go to the Home tab on the ribbon menu.

On the context menu that shows up, select Create Rule.

Now, you must see the Create Rule dialog box.

Here, you can choose various actions depending on the causes mentioned below:

When I get email with all of the selected conditions: From Domain Name or Sender, Subject Contains, Sent to, etc.

With specific words in the body

With specific words in the message header

With specific words in the sender’s address

Specific words in the body: enter words like discount, offers, hurry up, free giveaways, etc., words you think could be on a phishing or spamming email

Specific words in the message header: enter words like discounts, promotions, etc.

Checkmark the Move it to the specified folder option in Step 1.

Hit the Next button on the Exceptions window if you don’t want to add any.

Create a name for the rule.

Checkmark Turn on this rule.

You can follow the above method to block popular email domains if you get many abusive, phishing, or promotional emails from such email domains.

How to Block Emails in Outlook for Mac App

You’ll also find almost all the email addresses and domain name blocking features on the Outlook for Mac app as you saw in the case of the Outlook 365 for Windows app. Here’ are the options you can try:

Choose OK on the Block sender? warning to finalize the action.

If you got a list of email addresses and domain names you want to block using the Mac app for Outlook, then follow these steps:

Now, select the Junk Email Preferences option.

Email and Domain Blocking on Outlook: FAQs I have performed these steps but it doesn’t work for me. Why isn’t Outlook blocking the messages?

Open the “Junk E-mail Options” screen and check under the “Safe Senders” tab to ensure the email address isn’t listed there. If an email address you wish to block is listed in your Contacts, uncheck the “Also trust e-mail from my Contacts” box on this screen.

Conclusion

Next up, find here Why is “Junk” Grayed Out in Outlook 365?

19 Top Platforms For Analytics And Business Intelligence (Business Intelligence And Analytics)

Analytics refers to the use of mathematics, machine learning, and statistics to derive insightful patterns and knowledge through precedent data. With the power of analytics,

What is Business Intelligence?

Business intelligence translates to architectures, processes, and technologies that help convert the great amount of raw data into relevant and meaningful information that can prove conducive to business to derive actionable insights to improve and optimize processes. Why do you need a platform for analytics and business intelligence?

Business analytics is gaining a fair share of impetus as more enterprises understand the need to incorporate it into the system. However, the businesses are on a quest to find the right analytic tools such that they come easy to use by every employee in the organization.

With the help of these tools, the employees will be able to gain real-time insights without really having the technical expertise to spend time analyzing everything by themselves.

Let us have a look at some of these platforms that come handy for analytics and business intelligence, to make the processes all the more smooth, efficient, and optimized.

20 Top Platforms For Analytics And Business Intelligence (Business Intelligence And Analytics) 1. Tableau 

Tableau is one of the best in class, a self-service analytics platform that performs amazing visualizations of data.

Easy comprehension – The visualizations are understandable with the help of color, cartography, and animation. After all, isn’t its simplicity and easy comprehension that firms look for when it comes to analytics?

2. Oracle analytics server

With a user satisfaction score of 90, Oracle is an all-embracing solution that offers a wide range of analytics, reporting capabilities, and intelligence.

User-friendliness – The visualization is incredibly easy for the user to comprehend as it comes in forms of charts, graphs, and other easy to understand graphics. It is even well-suited for non-technical users.

3. Sisense

Sisense is powered by in-chip technology and is a platform that is an analysis, business discovery, and intelligence solution that comes with a back-end powered.

Easy to use – Even non-technical users can easily avail of its merits as it lets them merge and analyze large data sheets from multiple sources.

High compatibility – Its front-end visualization reports are easily understandable and can be viewed on several mobile devices.

4. Microstrategy

The micro strategy is well suited for any small to mid-sized business as it is built for mobile, web, and desktop while it offers a wide range of BI solutions that can be relevant to all levels of users.

User-friendly – Due to the ease of its use, easy comprehension, and high scalability, it is one of the many popular BI tools.

Offers a sea of features – It is equipped with a lot of features like real-time telemetry, social integration, mobile productivity, data discovery, and a lot more.

Looker – Looker, now acquired by Google, is a one-stop solution for all levels of technical users and data analysts.

Highly insightful – This web-based solution lets users explore, visualize, and share actionable data insights.

Customizable dashboards – It lets users customize dashboards for it to reflect in accordance with their particular business needs and Key Performance Indicators.

5. Looker

Looker, now acquired by Google, is a one-stop solution for all levels of technical users and data analysts.

Highly insightful – This web-based solution lets users explore, visualize, and share actionable data insights.

Customizable dashboards – It lets users customize dashboards for it to reflect in accordance with their particular business needs and Key Performance Indicators.

6. Birst

Birst is one platform that functions independent of inputs from the data analyst.

Drives you meaningful insights – It gathers raw data, stores it, puts it into sets, organizes the same, and creates visualizations to discover meaningful insights.

Seamless experience – It highlights imperative patterns conducive to comprehend the enterprise’s KPIs. It lets users perform all the steps of data through a single interface, making the experience seamless with integrated UI.

7. SAP

SAP helps businesses to drive through the decision-making process directionally with a clearer understanding and meaningful patterns derived from the data.

Easy to use – It operates within a familiarized Microsoft Office environment making it easier and more convenient to use.

Create analytical reports – You can create analytical reports with the help of SAP Identity Analytics, while SAP Crystal Server is greatly suited for small businesses to deliver insightful reports, data exploration, and a lot more.

8. Power BI

Power BI is powered by Microsoft and comes with an array of tools to derive the right insights for your organization.

Drive interactive solutions Some of its many capabilities include data discovery, data preparation, along with an interactive dashboard.

Custom visualizations – It doesn’t quite end here as it can load several custom visualizations that work in accordance with the organizational requirements.

9. TeraData

TeraData is one of the leading providers of analytics, Business intelligence, and hybrid cloud products.

Flexible and convenient – It provides very flexible support in terms of working with multiple data, heterogeneous stores, and formats.

High score – According to Gartner, TeraData scores highest for all the use cases.

10. Salesforce Einstein Analytics

In a world fueled by technology, here comes an AI-powered analytics solution by Salesforce, Einstein Analytics. It has especially been developed for the Salesforce customer success platform.

Smart insights – It encompasses all the capabilities of machine learning that help with smart insights and works with automation.

Data forecast – One of its many features is predictive analysis that helps with forecasting data and explanation of imperative insights derived from recorded raw data.

11. SAS

Advanced level analytics – It takes care of several analytic solutions from data management, business intelligence to predictive analysis, and multivariate analysis.

Easy to use – With an impressive user-interface, it makes it easy for even the technical users to have access to its features.

12. Dundas

Powered by Dundas Visualization, Dundas BI is one of the best browser-based business intelligence solutions

Interactive visualization – It comes with a highly interactive dashboard, the ability to build reports, customize visualizations, and a lot more.

High flexibility – It lets users integrate data in real-time from any source providing utter flexibility and high-level convenience.

13. Board

Board is a data discovery platform that is fully featured and helps with enterprise performance management and business analytics.

Interactive experience – It helps its users with a comprehensive overview of their business with its customizable and highly interactive dashboard.

Keeping a check on KPIs – It is conducive for enterprises in drilling down their Key Performance Indicators to keep a regular check on their business performance.

14. DOMO

DOMO translates to ‘thank you’ in the Japanese language. Due to its efficacy in providing its users with the most insightful information to drive the decision-making process, it sure is one of the most popular tools used by analysts.

Comprehensive analysis – DOMO is a SaaS business management platform that gives its users an all-embracing data set for analysis by integrating data from numerous sources.

Need-based solutions – This platform lets users perform both micro and macro levels of analysis depending on the requirement and ultimately generating an in-depth and insightful result for the same.

15. QlikView

Formerly identified as ‘Quality Understanding Interaction, Knowledge,’ Qlik has been inspired by the PC based ‘Quick View.’

Quality experience – It is one of the prominent names when it comes to talking of efficient BI visualization tools providing the best in class quality experience to its user.

High customization – It customizes its products by breaking them down as per the requirements of the user.

16. Google Data Studio

Reporting and data visualization couldn’t have been easier without the existence of Google Data Studio in the analytics space.

Easy to use -Google Data Studio is incredibly easy to use, which makes it possible for analysts at all levels to avail of its impressive features.

Great user experience – It lets you create interesting web reports and is equipped with a smooth user interface for better navigation and convenience.

17. OBI 12C

OBI 12C is a popular business intelligence analytics platform among data analysts.

User-friendliness – Great scalability, powerful decision support system, user-friendliness, easy implementation are just a few of its many key highlights.

Apt for all – It is suitable for all levels of technical and non-technical users due to the ease of its use and implementation.

18. Panorama Necto

Panorama Necto is one of the most efficacious tools that is power-packed with highly useful features that are immensely conducive to drive actionable insights for the user.

Easy comprehension – Panorama Necto is one of the best analytics and business intelligence platforms due to its phenomenal abilities to process data and capabilities to create easily comprehensive yet impressive visualizations.

More for less – Along with its powerful functionality, it also comes at a really affordable price that makes it fit for all sizes of organizations.

19. ZenDesk Explore

Zendesk Explore is a really powerful tool that is highly intuitive to aid organizations with all the data analytics requirements in the smoothest way.

Insightful information – It apt to provide organizations with amazingly useful insights that can drive them through the decision making process.

Easy comprehension – Along with being easy to use, it allows users to analyze data using statistics and visualize the same comprehensively. In addition to this, the User Interface is also really smooth and presentable.

Quintillions of data are produced by businesses every day. The challenge is to record it, maintain it, segregate it, organize it and make sense out of it to derive key actionable insights that can drive organizations through crucial decision-making processes along with optimizing the workflow. Doing all of this manually seems nearly impossible, which is why Business Intelligence analytics tools come into the picture to aid enterprises through the herculean process. Businesses have started to realize its significance and thus are incorporating their use in the system increases.

Building Brands In The Competitive World

The Covid-19 has changed the world drastically and the business practices have been changed and revolutionized the most. Where hundreds of businesses went bankrupt during the pandemic, thousands also made millions in the same situation. So was the pandemic the real reason behind their failure or not? No, the real reason was automation and digitalization.

Businesses that managed to have most of their processes automated and invested in top-notch Atlassian products succeeded even in the worst market conditions. Where those who did not know how to leverage the tech benefit went out of business.

Get This First

Getting information on time is the old formula of success, now you can google everything and get the answers anytime, it is the skill-learning and better adaptation to digitalization that hold the secret to success.

Old businesses have managed to keep their business systems running the old way and they have done it really well but now with the better technology and automation, they have better choices but cannot turn their course rapidly as compared to small companies or startups.

This is like a big ship taking more time and area to turn, whereas a small ship cruise around quickly without spending much time turning.

How To Adapt Digitalization And Automation?

This is the real problem as most CEOs know the better and more efficient options in the market to streamline their business processes but they do not know how to adapt the system and then implement it.

One thing you need to know is that through digitization and automation, you will have to sacrifice the employment of some of your workers but you must know who to replace with automation.

Conduct meetings and proper discussions before adopting an automation system to your business model. Know the pros and cons of both sides. Investigate and understand what the employee was bringing to the table and what the substitute will add to the business value.

Your number one priority should be your customers, and if the digital alternative is improving the customer experience, don’t waste time anymore and adapt that option.

How To Improve Your Business Model?

The usage of digital technology may facilitate customers’ interactions with customer service. For example, digital support and guidance instant messenger put a great amount of accessible material at consumers’ fingertips, minimizing the possibility that they will need to call a professional to address a problem.

Unified Communications (UC) systems provide you the option of communicating via a phone call, text message, video conference, or videoconferencing. Customer relationship management (CRM) software saves your sales team time by centrally tracking a prospect’s status.

Final Thoughts

There are many amazing stories of new firms generating a lot of money rapidly, but the reality is frequently very different. It typically takes years for fledgling businesses to figure out how to generate a profit if they can even stay open.

A successful business does not happen by accident. A strategy, as well as precise data, methodologies, and resources, will be required. There is little doubt that automation is the key to today’s corporate culture, and it is only the beginning. More technical breakthroughs will transform the world, and we have seen a revolution in every industry, accelerating the process of automating every operation.

Long-term productivity is impossible to achieve without a supportive and appreciated corporate culture. It’s either now or never. Businesses must invest in automation to be competitive, or they may go bankrupt in the near future.

Podcasting Basics Part I: Finding The Right Topic And Hosts

Last week, we recorded episode 92 of Let’s Talk Jailbreak and episode 66 of Let’s Talk iOS. That’s 158 episodes under our belts, or over three years of shows if each show was spread out on week-to-week basis. While I wouldn’t dare claim to be the supreme podcast expert, I can say that I have learned a lot as both shows have grown from humble beginnings.

Podcasting isn’t exactly rocket science, but it does take some effort to make a show sound decent. My goal has always been to simply create the best sounding show that I possibly can within reason. That reason includes, of course, money, equipment, environment, and the podcast participants.

At the end of the day, a podcast will only sound as good as your worst piece of equipment, software, mixing technique, or participant. The goal should be to make everything sound good enough to where you’ll derive satisfaction from the end result.

In this first part of my podcasting basics series, I’ll talk about what it takes to get your podcast off the ground. In subsequent entries, I’ll discuss the equipment we use, the software we use, the techniques we employ, and other tidbits along the way.

View other posts in this series

Listen

I use Marco Arment’s excellent Overcast app to stay up to date with all of my favorite podcasts

Since this is an Apple-based blog, obviously there are a few Apple related staple podcasts that should be in your rotation. But don’t limit yourself to just Apple or technology related stuff. Branch out, and see what works for different genres. The best way to get started in podcasting is to find out what works for other shows, and cherry-pick some of your favorite features or techniques to implement into your show.

Here are a few shows to get you started:

Finding a topic

Once you have a good idea of how podcasts work, it’s time to find a topic to talk about. Many areas of discussion are already saturated as far as podcasting is concerned, but don’t let that discourage you. In other words, don’t just pick a topic based on how many people are podcasting about it already. Sure, if you’re podcasting about Apple, you’re up against a lot of really good competition, but if Apple’s what you love talking about, it would be better to talk about it than something you’re not genuinely passionate about. Otherwise, you’re just going to burn out and your podcast won’t live to see its 10th episode.

There are many Podcast genres available in the iTunes store

Think about a topic that you really care about and that you’re an expert on. If you’re not an expert on a topic, it’s going to be hard to attract listeners, because most listeners are tuning in to hear expert opinions and thoughts. That’s not to say that you absolutely must be an expert; you may be able to get away with placing a spin on the show if you’re not the most knowledgable about a topic. i.e. comedy, satire, etc.

Choosing co-hosts

Once you know how podcasts work and you know what you want to talk about, it’s time to decide on the show’s format and hosts. If it’s a solo-gig, then this part’s easy. Otherwise, you’ll need to find hosts that can work with your schedule, who are reliable, and who bring things to the table that differ from you. You’ll want to find co-hosts that have differing backgrounds, areas of expertise, and opinions.

It would be boring to listen to three clones always agree about a topic, reiterate the same things, and generally not bring anything different to the table. You also don’t want to have co-hosts that are so divisive, cantankerous or disagreeable, that the show essentially goes nowhere due to disagreements. Remember, it’s a balancing act.

Scheduling

If you want to come off as consistent and professional, you’ll need to adhere to a schedule. Things will interfere occasionally, but the key is being as consistent as possible. That way, your listeners can expect to hear your lovely voice at the same time every week.

Conclusion

Creating a podcast isn’t something that you can just do and automatically garner a large following. As you can see, it takes a willingness to listen, prepare, plan, select, and schedule. It’s hard work, but it can be very rewarding as well. It can even make you some extra money if you’re really good at what you do.

View other posts in this series

Mapping Hostnames With Ports In Etc Hosts

The /etc/hosts file is a simple text file used to map hostnames to IP addresses. It is used to resolve hostnames to IP addresses, bypassing the need for a DNS server. Each line in the file represents a single mapping, with the IP address followed by one or more hostnames separated by spaces.

Keep in mind that this is a local mapping, which means it only affects the device on which the hosts file is modified and it will not affect other devices on the network.

The Hosts File

The hosts file is a simple text file that maps hostnames to IP addresses. It is used to resolve hostnames to IP addresses, bypassing the need for a DNS server. The file is located on most computers at the path /etc/hosts (on Windows it is located in c:WindowsSystem32driversetchosts) and can be edited by anyone with access to the file.

It’s important to note that the hosts file is a local file and changes made to it will only affect the computer on which it is modified. This means that it is not a global solution for things like blocking unwanted websites, and will not affect other devices on the network.

Adding a Port Number

Also, keep in mind that the hosts file is a local file and changes made to it will only affect the computer on which it is modified. This means that it is not a global solution for things like redirecting traffic to a specific port, and will not affect other devices on the network.

Using a Reverse Proxy

A reverse proxy is a server that sits in front of one or more web servers and acts as a gateway for client requests. The reverse proxy receives the incoming request from the client, forwards it to the appropriate web server, and then sends the web server’s response back to the client.

One of the main benefits of using a reverse proxy is that it can provide additional functionality such as load balancing, SSL termination, and caching. It can also hide the existence and characteristics of the backend servers from the outside world, providing an additional layer of security.

When using a reverse proxy, the client sends a request to the reverse proxy’s IP address and port, instead of the IP address and port of the backend web server. The reverse proxy then uses the information in the request to determine which backend server should handle the request, and forwards the request to that server. The backend server processes the request and sends the response back to the reverse proxy, which then sends the response back to the client.

Reverse proxies can be configured to route requests based on the hostname or path of the request, the client IP address, or other criteria. They can also be used to route requests to different backend servers based on the type of request (e.g., static vs dynamic content).

Popular open-source reverse proxy servers are Nginx and Apache, both of them also have the capability to add port number in the proxy rule and route the request based on the port number.

It’s important to note that, setting up and configuring a reverse proxy requires knowledge of server administration and web server configuration.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the /etc/hosts file is a simple text file used to map hostnames to IP addresses, bypassing the need for a DNS server. It can be edited to include a port number by specifying the hostname followed by a colon and the port number. However, changes made to the hosts file are only local, and will only affect the computer on which it is modified.

A reverse proxy is a server that sits in front of one or more web servers and acts as a gateway for client requests. It can provide additional functionality such as load balancing, SSL termination, and caching. It can also hide the existence and characteristics of the backend servers from the outside world, providing an additional layer of security. Reverse proxies can be configured to route requests based on hostname, path, client IP address, or other criteria. They can also be used to route requests to different backend servers based on the type of request.

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